Visualization of Shift in Energy Supply and Demand †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Visualization of Shift in Energy Supply and Demand. Answer: Introduction The global demand for energy relies on the fossil fuels supplies accountable for the climate change. The fossil fuels are accountable for about 80.90% of international primary supply of energy alongside projected to contribute to eighty percent of the fossil by the year 2030. The oil share in global supply of primary energy remains the most significant. Despite the minor changes in the supply, oil contributes to thirty percent of global fuel mix in the year 2030. The entire primary demand for energy of a given nation is based on the growth of its economy, population change alongside industrialization level. The industrialized economies contribute to the increasing demand. Nevertheless, evidence from the 2009 IEA report, alongside the EIA report of 2010 alongside the World Development Indicators indicate existence of an apparent shift in pattern whereby developing economies are taking the more significant share of the increase. For the sustenance of the increasing growth of economy al ongside rising population globally, energy supplies security is required. This means having sufficient, affordable as well as reliable supplies. The fossil fuels supply needed to match this demand anchors the generation from existing proved gas, oil alongside coal reserves unevenly distributed around globe. The quantity of energy supplied is indirectly proportional to proven reserve level but determined by other variables (socioeconomic). Comprehending the production and consumption geographies alongside spatial variations in demand and supply of energy is vital not only in the search for alternatives to fuel but further in the global changes in environmental studies. Also, this shall assist in the spatial examination of flow trends of energy commodities that imply the globalization of the economy. This study aims at developing new means of visualizing the global energy supply and demand shift utilizing cartograms that are seldom employed in studies of energy. Literature Review Industrialization, population, and economic growth remain the driver of the surging demands, particularly in developing nations. The, EIA, BP, World Bank and IEA statistics have shown the industrialized economies as the leading consumers of energy due to respective growth of economy alongside development in technology. However, such a pattern has shifted substantially, with developing economies being responsible for a large proportion of demand globally. Indeed, ninety percent of the surge in demand for global primary energy between years 2007 and 2030 is forecasted to emerge from the developing countries (Sadorsky 4020). The BP statistical review of the 2009 World Bank report indicated unprecedented primary energy demand among non-OECD economies as opposed to the OECD countries in the year 2008. The reference of IEA projected a forty percent rise in global energy demand between the years 2007 and 2030, whereas the reference to IEAs prediction shows that from year 2006 to 2030, non-OECD demand shall surge by 73.0% percent as opposed to the fifteen percent surge in the consumption of energy among the OECD economies. Albeit large percentage of demand globally differs in these cases, nevertheless it is agreed that India and China lead in terms of consumption. It has been observed that in a comparatively small duration, there has already been a sudden shift in demand globally and indication point towards the fact that such a trend will continue. It has been concluded in the same study that this new demand geography surge shall severely impact the global energy trade and shall further culminate in signific ant novel financial flow trends between the consumers and producers (Guan et al. 56). Comprehending this pattern remain vital due to its impacts on climate change, energy security, and economic globalization. The highlights of energy demand geography alongside its economic globalization alongside climate change are presented Bradshaw (78). The trends in extracting and consuming the resources of energy, with increased stress on energy generation, and few insights into the upcoming is investigated. Both consumption and production have persistently engulfed the world (Henriques, Fernando and Victor 509.). A need to visualize the future pattern global energy systems is required for planning for it aftermaths. The global oil productions reference case in the World of Energy Outlook 2008 has been analyzed. This current study uses the cartograms to denote the worldwide shift of the supply and demand as a dynamic process, visualizing into the future from the current. Materials and Methods: Data utilized are previous, present and forecast on: Global oil, coal and gas production; global oil, coal and gas consumption; and IEA besides EIA scenarios. Data Sources: The comprehensive present data and projections are given below: BP Statistical yearbook, 2010 (including historical dataset) EIA/IEO Report 2010. IEA World Energy Outlook, 2009 IEA Key world energy statistics, 2009 World Resources Institutes (WRI) Climate analysis indicators tool (CAIT) World development indicators (WDI), 2009 International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Report 2007 Visualization Approach: Cartograms: This is a map that presents each regions shape based on the value of attribute. This present study designed cartograms for the visualization of the spatial distribution of energy consumers and producers. The version 2 Tom Gross ArcGIS Cartogram Geoprocessing Tool, which utilizes the cartogram algorithm developed by Gastner and Newman in 2004 produced the studys cartograms. This tool had an advantage of reduced processing time. The primary objective of the creation of cartograms is to rescale every region based on the desired variable of value whereas upholding the map decipherable, as far as feasible (Aleklett, Kjell, et al. 1400). Albeit area-preserving forecast/planimetric maps give an instinctive display of spatial info; they might be misleading since attention could be directed to areal units regardless of inhabitants thus making cartograms efficient replacements (Podobnik 67). The employment of cartograms in energy examination is highly seldom despite their intuitive power to hi ghlight spatial variations. This study utilized cartograms in global mapping shift in both consumption and production of energy as a progressive course. Works Cited Aleklett, Kjell, Mikael Hook, Kristofer Jakobsson, Michael Lardelli, Simon Snowden, and Bengt Sodernbergh. "The peak of the oil ageanalyzing the world oil production reference scenario in world energy outlook 2008."Energy Policy38.3 (2010): 1398-1414. Bradshaw, Michael J. "Global energy dilemmas: a geographical perspective."The Geographical Journal176.4 (2010): 275-290. Gastner, Michael T., and Mark EJ Newman. "Diffusion-based method for producing density-equalizing maps."Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America101.20 (2004): 7499-7504. Guan, Dabo, et al. "Journey to world top emitter: An analysis of the driving forces of China's recent CO2 emissions surge."Geophysical Research Letters36.4 (2009). Henriques, Roberto, Fernando Bao, and Victor Lobo. "Carto?SOM: cartogram creation using self?organizing maps."International Journal of Geographical Information Science23.4 (2009): 483-511. Petroleum, British. 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